Is the hostel an apartment building?

What has changed since October 1, 2020?

According to Federal Law No. 59-FZ “On Amendments to Article 17 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation” dated April 15, 2020, residential premises in an apartment building cannot be used to provide hotel services. If the hotel is located in a residential building, it should have a separate entrance.

There should be no apartments underneath the hotel, which means hostels can only be located on the lower floors. Of course, there should be no registered residents in the hostel premises.

What does the amendment to Article 17 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation prohibit?

From October 1, 2020, an amendment to Article 17 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation will come into force, prohibiting the provision of hotel services in residential premises. That is, it seems that this ban does not specifically apply to hostels. But all such establishments will have to receive non-residential status from this date. What does it mean?

Now the owner will be required to convert the premises in which the hostel is located into non-residential premises. The legislation imposes strict requirements on such non-residential premises in multi-apartment residential buildings.

To do this, the premises will need to be equipped with the necessary equipment, a room soundproofing system, fire safety equipment, alarms, safes, cleaning and sanitary cleaning products for rooms.

Have all the hostels closed at once?

As previously stated by the Vice-Governor of St. Petersburg Oleg Markov, from October 1, 44 hostels in the city were supposed to stop operating, which could not be converted into non-residential premises. But market participants claim that only a few managed to change their status; the rest either left the market or went into the shadow sector.

The League of Hostels believes that due to difficulties in transferring the status of non-residential premises, 80% of players will leave the market.

Meanwhile, analysts of the 2GIS service noticed that in just a month from October to November 2020, the total number of hostels in 15 million-plus cities of the Russian Federation not only did not decrease, but also increased. The increase was mainly provided by Moscow.

Over 30 days, the number of hostels in the capital increased from 755 to 804. The number of small hotels in apartment buildings increased from 312 to 326.

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Are hotels and apartments classified as residential or non-residential?

There is another question: is it possible for an owner to provide hotel services in a residential building?

In this sense, there are certain contradictions in the legislation. Thus, the following documents speak against placement:

Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 490 (dated April 25, 1997) “On the establishment of rules for the provision of hotel services” states that a hotel is a property complex that serves to provide services, and it belongs to the enterprise;
The Civil Code (Article 288, paragraph 3) prohibits the location of production facilities (property complexes) in residential premises;
GOST R 51185-2008 on tourist services and general requirements calls a hotel an enterprise that provides accommodation services and combines them with catering services, reception, etc.;

If you follow this logic, then there is no way to get by in a residential building without converting it to a non-residential building to accommodate a hotel.

However, there is another side to the coin. According to GOST 51185-2008, under a service agreement, the contractor gives up his premises for the residence of citizens. And if you look at the Federal Law “On the Sanitary and Epidemiological Welfare of the Population” and its Article 23, then it is prohibited to provide citizens with non-residential premises for living.

Why do hostels in residential buildings operate despite the ban?

After October 1, hostel owners have few options left: either transfer hotels to the status of non-residential premises, or leave the market. Another option is to rent out housing for short-term, acting as a private individual.

It is not prohibited. In addition, legislators did not explain who and how will prove that the apartment is a hostel.

Neither the police nor tax authorities have the right to enter the premises for inspection without the consent of the owner. Unscrupulous businessmen are probably taking advantage of this loophole.

Hotel in a residential building - everything is according to the law

There is order No. 197 “On approval of the regulations on the state system of classification of hotels and other accommodation facilities.” It states that accommodation facilities include hotels, hostels, and models, and a room is one or more residential premises with the necessary equipment and furniture.

The Housing Code of the Russian Federation and, in particular, Article 19 defines hotels as housing stock for commercial use. Therefore, deciding what a hotel is (residential or non-residential premises) is irrelevant. A hotel in a general sense and with a certain status can be both residential and non-residential premises.

How to close a hostel in a residential building?

Closing a hostel is not so easy. For violating the law, the owner will be fined. But a hotel can stop operating only by a court decision. Before the ban on hostels in residential buildings came into force, in January-September 2020, 19 hotels in Moscow were closed by court. There will probably be more such precedents now.

On October 1, 2020, Federal Law No. 59 of April 15, 2020 came into force in the Russian Federation. The document, with the publication of which amendments were made to the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, prohibits the opening of hotels in residential premises.

Expert opinion

Kuzmin Ivan Timofeevich

Legal consultant with 6 years of experience. Specializes in the field of civil law. Member of the Bar Association.

Hostels, which are very popular among budget travelers, were also banned. Many Russians were not happy with the news, because after the introduction of the innovation, hotel prices could increase.

But hostels have not disappeared, just the rules for opening them have changed somewhat. It is worth understanding where such objects can now be located and whether their placement in high-rise buildings is legal.

Non-residential premises for a hostel - the law on hostels

Hostels appeared in Russia relatively recently. Having come to us from Europe, for a long time they were not at all subject to separate regulations protecting the safety and comfort of both the guests themselves and the unwitting neighbors of apartment hostels in residential buildings. The number of hostels grew uncontrollably. Somewhere they were registered as mini-hotels, and many were generally forced to work “in the shadows.”

Finally, in 2014, the government reacted and recognized the hostel as an independent type of budget hotel accommodation, releasing a single GOST for hostels. The original law established formal free standards and, in fact, did not solve the problem of hostels in apartment buildings, which set the teeth on edge of ordinary citizens forced to live next to such hostels. In response to their requests, two years later, a package of amendments was developed and implemented, forever closing the conflict between hostel owners and their neighbors.

How is a hostel different from a hotel?

The main difference between a hostel and a hotel is that for their money a person only gets a bed. There are several single or bunk beds in the room, but at least 4 square meters must be allocated for each bed. The bathroom, toilet, kitchen, and living room are usually located separately and are shared.

Almost every hostel provides guests with a minimum set of services:

Registration of visitors around the clock or on schedule (but not less than 12 hours).
Daily cleaning of rooms and common areas.
Morning wake-up call at the request of guests.
Handing incoming correspondence to guests.
Change of bed linen (at least once every 5 days).
If necessary, call an ambulance and provide a first aid kit.

Additional services (Internet, parking, laundry, meals, leisure activities) are provided at the discretion of the administration.

In recent years, Russia has experienced a real hotel boom. Hostels have also occupied an important niche in the hotel services market. In St. Petersburg alone, by 2020 there were about 400 hostels, 80% of which were opened in the housing stock. In the economy tourism segment, this is the most popular accommodation facility: 60% of beds are occupied even in the off-season

But not everyone was happy with this state of affairs. Most of the complaints came from residents of high-rise buildings.

People complained about noise from temporary neighbors, constant cigarette smoke, and garbage in the hallways. Often the case went to court, and the judges granted the claims of the affected owners.

As a result, a law was adopted designed to protect apartment owners in apartment buildings and streamline the procedure for opening hostels

How to open a dormitory for workers?

According to Art. 94 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, specially built or converted houses or parts of houses are provided for dormitories. The dormitory is equipped in accordance with building codes and regulations. Living quarters in dormitories are equipped with furniture and other items necessary for citizens to live (bedding and other equipment).

Additional services (Internet, parking, laundry, meals, leisure activities) are provided at the discretion of the administration.

The situation in Saki is indicative. As the city administration explains, five hostels received five cadastral passports from the municipality. Half are registered as apartment buildings, and half are listed as non-residential real estate with residential premises.

Non-residential premises are located, as a rule, on the ground floor of the building. An apartment on the second floor can be transferred to non-residential premises only if the first floor is already occupied by non-residential premises.

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And such an incident occurs not only in Saki, but in most regions of the republic. City administrations do not know what to do: to change or not to change the purpose of such objects to residential, and if changed, then on what basis?!

The transfer of residential premises to non-residential premises and non-residential premises to residential premises is carried out by a local government body (hereinafter referred to as the body carrying out the transfer of premises).

In order to recognize a non-residential premises - a hostel or not a hostel, there is an order approved by the Government of the Russian Federation, and there is a certain procedure. I think this is a matter of the distant future, because their (dormitories - Ed.

According to the new law, the hostel, as a hostel for temporary stay, can no longer occupy residential premises, which were previously apartments.

The use of non-residential premises for the residence of citizens is not permitted by law; it is necessary to transfer non-residential premises to residential premises in the prescribed manner.

The requirements that residential premises must meet are contained in section Regulation No. 47. Residential premises in terms of area, layout, lighting, insolation, microclimate, air exchange, noise levels, vibration, ionizing and must comply with sanitary and epidemiological requirements in order to ensure safe and harmless conditions residence regardless of its duration.

By virtue of the direct instructions of Part 1 of Art. 94 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, premises in dormitories are intended for temporary residence of citizens during the period of their work, service or training. In this case, the premises must be residential.

The legislation does not contain a difference between permanent and temporary residence of citizens, and does not allow residence in non-residential premises, since the provision of these premises entails a threat to human life and health.

Independently performing the entire range of work to change the status of the premises will entail a large investment of time and effort. This will be especially noticeable at the stage of drawing up and agreeing on project documentation.

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According to Part 4 of Art. 23 of the RF Housing Code, the decision to transfer or refuse to transfer premises must be made based on the results of consideration of the relevant application and other documents by the body carrying out the transfer of premises, no later than forty-five days from the date of submission of the documents to this body.

The number of residential buildings (structures) does not include dachas, summer garden houses, hunting lodges, sports and tourist centers, motels, campsites, sanatoriums, holiday homes, boarding houses, houses for visitors, hotels, barracks, cells, railway trailers and other buildings, as well as premises intended for recreation, seasonal and temporary residence.

Ban on hostels in residential buildings 2020 - what does the law say?

Contrary to popular belief, it is still possible to open hostels in high-rise buildings from October 2020. But there is a condition: the placement of such objects is allowed only in non-residential premises. This is prohibited in apartments, as well as other residential properties (for example, private houses).

To open a hostel legally, the premises will have to be converted to non-residential status. This is a rather complicated procedure that takes a lot of time. In addition, non-residential premises equipped as a hostel must meet a number of requirements:

It should be located on the first floor. Opening mini-hotels on the second floor and above is permitted only if all the lower premises are also non-residential.
The future hostel should have a separate entrance. Moreover, it is not enough to equip such an entrance: it must be isolated from the stairs or common area. In other words, access to the hostel through the premises that allow people to get into their apartments will have to be closed.
There cannot be registered residents in areas intended for hostels.

When changing the status of an apartment, many more actions need to be taken. For example, the owner will have to obtain the consent of neighbors for such changes, draw up a redevelopment project, and obtain opinions from firefighters and the SES.

It is clear that the innovations will complicate the lives of many hostel owners. Now, not just an apartment with a beautiful sign, but a professionally equipped room should be allocated to accommodate people.

This requires funds, and not all properties can be converted to non-residential status. Some business owners who were unable to adapt to the new conditions have already had to leave the market.

With the adoption of the new law, people have many other questions. One of the most pressing questions is whether it is possible to continue renting out housing for a short period of time (for example, daily). Since this right of citizens is enshrined in the Constitution, no one has canceled it. You are allowed to use your apartment to conduct business; it is hotel services that are banned

How to convert non-residential premises into residential ones?

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Many entrepreneurs and lawyers are familiar with the formalities of transferring premises from residential to non-residential. Non-residential premises mean, for example, offices or production workshops. But the practice of transferring non-residential offices to the category of residential premises is less common.

This is because if a person has the means, it is easier for him to purchase a standard apartment or house than to engage in this procedure, which is sometimes very difficult. Government services have much more stringent requirements for residential premises than for commercial premises.

And if it is still quite easy to turn former offices into residential buildings in a multi-story building, then with dachas or houses things are different; redevelopment can turn out to be very expensive, and often simply impossible.

However, the Law considers both the issue of transferring residential premises to the non-residential category, and vice versa – non-residential premises to the residential category. Similar operations can be carried out with apartments in apartment buildings, private houses, cottages and rooms in dormitories. True, each individual case has its own characteristics and subtleties.

According to the Housing Code, isolated premises that are suitable for year-round living are considered residential. There are established sanitary standards (they are described in detail in SanPiN 2.1.2.2645-10), which these premises must fully comply with.

According to Article 22 of the Housing Code, incomplete compliance with the requirements is also allowed, but on the condition that the premises can be “brought to mind” and re-arranged at any time. Both entire private houses or apartments, as well as their parts, as well as rooms, are considered residential.

In some cases, dachas can also be recognized as residential if they are approved as permanent buildings, that is, the same private houses, but only if this is permitted by the conditions of use of the site on which the dacha is built.

Thus, if you want to transfer a premises to the residential category, it is necessary that:

it complied with sanitary standards (that is, it was suitable for permanent residence) or it had all the conditions to comply with the requirements established by the Law;
it was not encumbered by the rights of other persons and was the property of the applicant.

The compliance of the premises with the standards must be confirmed by the sanitary-epidemiological service, the Ministry of Emergency Situations, and housing authorities . The main thing is to convince specialists that you can live indoors without harm to your health, even in winter or summer. This means that an apartment or house must be equipped with electricity and heating.

But the presence of water, sewerage or gas is not considered an indispensable condition for recognizing a premises as residential ; you can do without them. For example, in private homes the toilet may be located outside, and the family may not use gas at all.

Another indispensable condition specifically for houses is that they must be built on a foundation , otherwise they will in no case be assigned residential status.

Step-by-step instruction

The procedure for transferring premises is completed at the stage of receiving new documents from Rosreestr. The application for state registration must be accompanied by a document confirming the change in the purpose of the object. You need to get it from your local government. To carry out the operation, you should follow the following step-by-step strategy.

Documentation

First of all, we collect the necessary documents. Their list may vary depending on the provisions of regional laws and each situation separately. However, the list of documents must include:

applicant's passport;
the application itself to transfer the premises to the residential category;
documents confirming that the premises are owned by the applicant;
conclusions of the SES, Ministry of Emergency Situations and housing services confirming that the housing meets all standards;
redevelopment project, if the housing needs redevelopment.

Additionally, you may need, for example, a floor plan of the building and a cadastral passport with a technical plan (both certificates are ordered from the BTI). In Moscow, officials independently receive a number of documents missing from this list (floor plan of the building, passport of the land plot, etc.

), however they can be collected and submitted on your own initiative. In other regions of the country, applicants often have to prepare documents and certificates exclusively on their own before submitting an application.

Although if the premises are registered in the Unified State Register of Rights, according to the rules, it is not necessary to bring certificates from the BTI.

Housing redevelopment

Housing reconstruction can be considered as a separate part of the operation, since in some cases apartments and houses are recognized as residential in the presence of the reconstruction project itself, in others they require this reconstruction to be carried out first.

Thus, the applicant is obliged to carry out repairs without deviating from the plan approved by the design organization and agreed with the municipality, and then make all changes to the technical and title documentation, receive an act from the acceptance committee, which includes representatives of the municipality, fire service, Ministry of Emergency Situations and SES.

To make things go faster, you can contact intermediaries, realtors or law firms who collect all permits for redevelopment.

If you need minor changes in the room, you don’t have to resort to design organizations, making a sketch with felt-tip pens on the building plan yourself.

Submit an application

Having carried out the redevelopment and collected all the documents, we submit an application to the authorized body.

In Moscow, this can be done directly through the City Property Department, as well as through a multifunctional center or public services portal by submitting an electronic application.

In other regions and cities, documents can be accepted by housing policy departments, property relations committees, that is, bodies responsible for the housing stock.

The service is free (unlike redevelopment of the premises, which can cost, taking into account the preparation of the project, technical and cadastral passports, about ten thousand rubles or more). After submitting an application, a response should be received within 48 working days.

During this period, the City Property Department is required to either approve the transfer of the premises or refuse, citing shortcomings of the premises and legal grounds for such a decision.

The refusal can be appealed in court within three months after receiving the notice..

Registering a residential premises

After the premises are approved as residential, you will need to obtain a new cadastral passport and a floor plan of the building with an explanation, and a new certificate of ownership from the BTI.

We submit the documents for obtaining the latter (application and copy of the passport, existing title documents for the premises, certificates from the BTI) to Rossreestr or carry out the operation through a multifunctional center.

This service is paid; to carry it out, you need to pay a state fee, which as of June 2020 was 350 rubles.

It is advisable to also submit a receipt for payment of the duty among all documents, however, Rosreestr can check the information independently through the State Information System. If information about the payment is not there, the authority has the right to refuse state registration.

The registration period cannot exceed 10 working days.

Features of transferring an apartment to the residential category

Changing the purpose of an object located in an apartment building is the most common and simplest option. Article 22 of the Housing Code states that apartments can be considered residential if they comply with the following standards (incomplete list):

there is ventilation, sewerage, electricity and water supply;
the room is completely isolated;
the apartment is located in a residential area;
the condition of the apartment does not pose a threat to the lives of the people living in it and those living in the neighborhood.

The issue of redevelopment of non-residential premises, which are transferred to a residential apartment, is relevant in almost one hundred percent of cases. Shops and offices have their own internal space divided, not at all as required by the standards for residential premises.

Therefore, first you need to resolve the issue of reconstruction (through design organizations or through approval of the sketch).

It is important not to forget that in high-rise buildings, reconstruction often affects neighboring apartments, especially if we are talking about premises on the ground floor, so before starting any work you need to obtain the consent of the neighbors at a general meeting of owners.

To approve a project or sketch, you will need minutes of the meeting, to which you should attach a registration sheet for those participating in the meeting, a complete list of owners, and their consent to the reconstruction.

Features of transferring a house in a gardening partnership

Making a house in a gardening partnership habitable according to the documents is not an easy task.

It often happens that such a house is equipped with everything necessary, is built very well and is generally comfortable for year-round living no less, and maybe even more, than any average apartment, but the municipal authorities do not recognize it as residential.

The thing is that such houses lack one very important detail, which is mandatory for the premises to be recognized as residential - they are built on a site intended for vegetable gardening and gardening, and not for residential development .

According to Russian legislation, there are three types of plots intended specifically or primarily for vegetable gardening :

garden plots of land (it is prohibited to build permanent buildings in such places, and non-permanent buildings are not subject to technical parameters for recognition as residential);
dacha land plots (suitable for the construction of a residential building);
garden land plots (suitable for the construction of permanent residential buildings, but not residential premises).

Houses or premises built on plots of the first and third types cannot be registered as residential, since their permitted use does not involve the construction of residential buildings. Residential buildings or premises differ from residential buildings in that the former are registered as residential, while the latter may be suitable for living, but not for registration.

Thus, almost the only possibility of recognizing a building on a garden plot of land as residential is to resolve the issue through the court. Along with the application, you will need title documents and a technical passport. However, everything is not so simple.

The court can recognize a building as residential only if it stands on a plot of land intended for individual housing construction.

The decision to change the procedure for permitted use is made by the authorized bodies, that is, the municipality and the department or department responsible for the housing stock.

If the municipality gives the go-ahead, the owner will need to contact the cadastral registration authority and obtain a new cadastral passport for the plot and for the residential building, and then register it in the Unified State Register of Rights.

How to recognize a private house as residential

If the house is located in an area intended for individual housing construction, then the main obstacle to recognizing it as residential will no longer be the question of the purpose of the site, but the suitability of the building for year-round living . If it does not comply with technical standards, it will be necessary to coordinate and carry out redevelopment, after which there should be no problems with the transfer of the house to the residential category.

Features of converting a dorm room into the category of residential premises

To recognize a dorm room as residential, you will need documents from the general list and, as in the case of an apartment, the consent of all dorm residents to transfer and re-register the room.

We also carry out redevelopment, taking into account the agreed plan, receive a certificate from the acceptance committee, and send an application to the housing authorities. In case of refusal, you can always try to solve the problem in court.

If a citizen is not confident that he can win the case on his own, it is better for him to contact a qualified lawyer.

Source: https://law03.ru/finance/article/kak-perevesti-nezhiloe-pomeshhenie-v-zhiloe

Sleeping area

The requirements for a bed in hostels are as follows:

The height of the sleeping quarters is not lower than 2.5 meters. There is at least 4 m2 of space per person including bed.
Beds are allowed with one or two tiers, excluding three or more, which are prohibited.
The length between the second tier and the ceiling is more than 75 centimeters.
The size of a single bed is 190x80 centimeters, a double bed is 190x140 centimeters.
The hostelier is not obliged to provide the client with a change of linen, but this service is quite popular, for an additional fee or not.

What is a hostel?

A hostel is a special form of hotel. The main difference from a hotel is the nature of the accommodation of guests. There are no separate rooms for one or two people. Sleeping places are equipped in a common room, often with bunk beds. The kitchen and bathrooms are common for use. Instead of a bath, there is a shower.

Due to the saving of space per person, the price of services in the hostel is significantly lower than in a regular hotel. For this reason, mini-hotels are popular among the mobile population, for whom comfort is not as important as the cost of temporary accommodation.

Expert opinion

Kuzmin Ivan Timofeevich

Legal consultant with 6 years of experience. Specializes in the field of civil law. Member of the Bar Association.

The convenience of hostels lies in the ability to open them in central urban areas, where daily rent of residential premises and expensive hotels are expensive.

Is it possible to open your own mini-hotel from scratch in non-residential premises and apartments?

Until October 1, 2020, entrepreneurs took advantage of the opportunity to open hotel establishments in apartment buildings by purchasing apartments on the floor or concluding lease agreements with the owner. This situation suited clients and hostel owners.

The negative reaction of residents in the entrances of houses to noise, dirt, and the question of whether it is legal to open a hostel in an apartment received a response from legislators.

To the question - how to make a hostel from an apartment - after September 1, 2020, the answer will be as follows - not at all or if certain requirements are met.

Hostels located in residential premises must be closed. The owner of the hostel is obliged to re-register the apartment/apartments from the residential category to non-residential, subject to the conditions of floor placement.

Hostels in multi-storey buildings can only be placed in non-residential premises on the 1st floor. It is possible to open an establishment one or two floors above, provided that there are non-residential premises below: shops, organizations providing household, medical, legal and other services.

In addition, starting from October, hostels must have a separate entrance. Walls and ceilings shared with apartments must be soundproofed. Fire safety requirements have been tightened: installation of a fire alarm is mandatory. The desire to have a good income without taking into account the opinions of residents became the reason for a harsh legislative response.

Re-registration and installation of a separate entrance will require significant expenses. Hostels above the 3rd floor will close. For visitors, this will mean the inability to stay in cheap hotels in the city center.

Selection of premises and location

To obtain permission from the necessary authorities, an entrepreneur must find a premises that will meet certain requirements for opening a hostel:

The area of one bed must be at least 4 square meters. m.;
ceiling height in the room is at least 2.5 m;
the dimensions of the bed must be at least 80 by 190 cm;
the distance between the beds is at least 75 cm;
the hostel must have a fire extinguisher;
for 15 beds there must be at least 1 shower stall, which must be located outside the rental apartment;
for 12 beds it is necessary to equip 1 toilet;
1 sink should be installed for 6 places;
Hostel guests must have free access to drinking water;
the hostel must have a living room or lounge area;
the presence of a kitchen in the premises is not necessary if there is a cafe or canteen within walking distance;
The hostel rules, rights, and responsibilities must be posted in a prominent place.

An entrepreneur can rent premises or buy it if funds allow. The success of organizing a hostel depends on the correct location of the economy hotel. The ideal option is close to attractions and with good transport links. It is also worth exploring the area for hostels and hotels. If there are already similar organizations in the chosen location, then you should pay attention to other prosperous areas of the city.

Many aspiring entrepreneurs, in order to save money, seek to open a hostel in apartments. However, such an investment is risky, since the legislation of the Russian Federation is going to amend the law on tourism activities, prohibiting the organization of hostels and mini-hotels in residential buildings.

For a hostel, it is better to rent non-residential premises. If you can’t find an option in the area of attractions, then you should pay attention to the transport interchange and the presence of shops and cafes - this will attract more guests.

Lounge area design

Price

The costs of opening a hostel are divided into one-time and ongoing. One-time – these are financial investments in the material base of the mini-hotel and registration of permits:

The premises need to be refurbished to match the status of a hostel.
Purchase equipment, furniture, inventory.
Organize a promotional event.
Register a business.
Other expenses.

The largest share in one-time expenses is occupied by the arrangement of the hotel, since the quality of the services provided and competitiveness will depend on this. The lump sum depends on the number of beds and the package of services that guests can count on. Approximately, this will amount to about one and a half million rubles.

wages of service personnel;
Payment of utility services;
bank loan;
remote accountant;
sanitary and hygiene products;
other expenses;
transfers to the budget.

The amount of monthly expenses, on average, does not exceed 200 thousand rubles, including about 50% - wages of employees and accountants. If the premises are rented, then rental costs should be added here.

Tips and tricks for opening a hostel

To make it stand out among competitors and attract more guests, you need to monitor the condition of the rooms and promote your business in the hotel market. Opening a business hostel is not so difficult if you adhere to the following recommendations:

think through the concept in advance. It is important that the name, design of the lounge area and rooms be made in the same style;
if the starting capital is small, then you should not rent a large premises. It is better to make high-quality repairs for a small number of places. If you use cheap materials, they will have to be updated frequently;
It is worth agreeing in advance with the landlord about the possibility of reducing the rent during the low tourist season;
You should not skimp on cleaning services - the rooms should always be kept clean;
You can offer additional services, for example, organizing excursions;
attract clients with promotions when staying for a long time or with a large group.

If you adhere to the above recommendations on how to organize a hostel, your business will be successful. For further development, the owner should think about a unified concept for his branches or creating a franchise, provided that the project is commercially successful.

Hostel is one of the promising areas in the hotel business. Now this is no longer just economy-class housing: the owners are trying to create a cozy atmosphere conducive to spending leisure time in such a budget hotel. The success of a business largely depends on the location and overall design of the hostel.

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Where is the demand greatest?

The business will be successful if the services offered are in demand. An analysis of migration flows to or through a populated area should be done. Large cities, tourist and resort areas are in an advantageous position. The need for a hostel will arise if there is a tradition of holding festivals and exhibitions in the area.

Before organizing a mini-hotel, you need to compare supply and demand: find out how many similar establishments there are in the city, where they are located, what services they offer, and at what price. The information received will help you make a choice - where, how, and how much to open a hostel.

Required permits and documentation

What you need to have to open a hostel in non-residential premises:

complete paperwork at the local administration;
tax office;
open a bank account.

The type of activity (Limited Liability Company) is registered with the mayor's office or district administration.

Based on the received paper, the State Tax Inspectorate assigns an OKVED code. Entrepreneurs are required to record payments for their services through a cash register, which must be registered with the tax office.

The next stage is concluding a lease agreement if the future businessman does not have his own non-residential real estate. Then the premises are renovated, equipment and furniture are installed.

Upon completion of the arrangement, it is necessary to obtain permission from the sanitary-epidemiological and fire authorities. Based on a package of documents giving the right to open a hostel, an agreement is concluded with the management company.

Is the dormitory residential or non-residential premises?

The main criterion for legal registration of a premises as non-residential is the lack of direct access to common areas, such as corridors or a toilet, which, in turn, cannot be classified as residential.

Based on Article 92 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, residential premises in dormitories are classified as residential premises of a specialized housing stock.

In the premises of residential buildings, the calculated air parameters and air exchange rate provide indicators in accordance with Appendix 1 to these Sanitary Rules.

Personnel and equipment

Important! The hotel must be equipped in accordance with the requirements of the State Standard of 2014. If they are not met, permits will not be issued.

distance from floor to ceiling - at least 250 centimeters;
1 sink – for 6 guests;
1 toilet – for 12 people;
1 shower – for 15 people;
The minimum area for 1 bed is 4 square meters.

Single beds (80x190 centimeters) must be at least 75 centimeters apart. No more than 8 people can be accommodated in one room.

When planning a hostel, the following should also be provided:

small kitchen for preparing and serving breakfast and dinner;
lounge room with TV;
utility room for storing equipment, bed linen and sanitary products;
administrator's room.

To give coziness and comfort you will need:

bedside tables;
sofa;
chairs;
kitchen table;
Kitchen Cabinet;
TV;
curtains;
lampshades.

In the kitchen you need to put a refrigerator, microwave, electric kettle, and a set of dishes. A double set of bed linen and towels is purchased, depending on the number of guests. The presence of an iron with ironing board, automatic machine, and Internet access will increase the competitiveness of the hostel. Employees will need a vacuum cleaner and a laptop.

The minimum number of employees in a mini-hotel is 4:

2 people – at the reception, registration, check-out of visitors (in shifts);
cleaning lady-maid;
accountant.

Depending on the area and number of beds, the cleaner and accountant are hired full time or for several hours.

What is the essence of the new law on hostels?

The initiator of the new law on hostels, Deputy G. Khovanskaya, believes that the owners of budget hotels operate outside the legal framework.

First of all, because they pay taxes at the rates applicable to residential real estate, and this is significantly less than the amounts charged for the operation of commercial properties. Moscow appraisers have calculated that the tax on a non-residential property is 13 times higher than the tax on an apartment (real estate of comparable cadastral value is compared).

The new law, according to a group of deputies, should bring the hotel business out of the shadows, relieve citizens from the need to live next to tourist groups, and streamline taxation. However, in most cases, apartments are rented out without notifying Rospotrebnadzor or the tax service, so the risk of illegal commercial activity remains.

Of course, property owners will sooner or later come to the attention of regulatory authorities and appropriate measures will be taken against them, but the budget is missing out on huge sums while gray business is thriving. Therefore, the introduction of a new law and amendments to the Housing Code of the Russian Federation will not stop illegal commerce.